Iron Supplementation
Recommendations
Forms of Iron
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Carbonyl
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1 gram = 1 gram elemental iron (100% iron)
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Fumarate
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1 gram = 330 mg elemental iron (33% iron)
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325 mg tablet contains 108 mg elemental iron
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Sulfate
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1 gram = 200 mg elemental iron (20% iron)
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325 mg tablet contains 65 mg elemental iron
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Citrate
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1 gram = 180 mg elemental iron (18% iron)
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Gluconate
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1 gram = 120 mg elemental iron (12% iron)
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325 mg tablet contains 36 mg elemental iron
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Counseling
points
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·
The max amount of
elemental iron that can be absorbed orally is 25 mg/day
·
Oral iron may 6 to 8
weeks to resolve anemia and up to 6 months to replete iron stores
·
Side effects include stomach
upset, constipation or diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and darkening
stools
·
Consume iron two hours
before, or four hours after, ingestion of antacids
·
Coffee, tea, dairy, food,
calcium, zinc, manganese, or copper can decrease iron absorption
·
250 mg vitamin C (ascorbic
acid) or a half-glass of orange juice helps to increase absorption of iron
·
Medication that decrease
iron absorption: quinolones and tetracycline antibiotics, bisphonates,
levodopa, levothyroxine, methyldopa, mycophenylate, penicillamine, chloramphenicol,
histamine blockers, proton pump inhibitors
·
Ferrous iron is three
times more absorbable than ferric iron
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Iron in food
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Non
heme iron – plants, iron fortified foods
Heme
iron – meat, seafood, poultry
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Iron: MedlinePlus Supplements
(U.S National Library of Medicine)
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/912.html
Iron (Dietary Supplement Fact
Sheet: — Health Professional Fact Sheet)
http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Iron-HealthProfessional/
The Importance of Iron and Use of
Iron Supplements (The Importance of Iron and Use of Iron Supplements) http://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/issue/2013/June2013/R587_IronSupplement
